AFP et Belga

Mis en ligne le 29/01/2013
C’est ce que demandent quatre pays européens à Kampala.





La Norvège, la Suède et le Danemark exigent, à l’instar de l’Irlande, le remboursement de l’aide au développement versée à l’Ouganda après la découverte d’un vaste détournement de fonds dans le secteur de la santé dans ce pays, a-t-on appris lundi de source officielle. La Belgique avait, elle, décidé de suspendre une partie de son aide au développement à Kamapala.

C’est un audit du Contrôleur général du gouvernement ougandais qui avait révélé, en octobre dernier, que 10 millions d’euros d’aide internationale avaient indûment atterri sur les comptes de fonctionnaires du cabinet du Premier ministre ougandais, Amama Mbabazi. Après ces révélations, les pays scandinaves, l’Irlande et la Grande-Bretagne avaient décidé de geler leur aide à l’Ouganda. La Belgique avait fait de même il y a quelques semaines, gelant le versement de la première tranche de sa contribution dans le secteur de la santé (soit cinq millions d’euros sur dix) jusqu’à la réception de la réponse du gouvernement de Kampala sur des détournements présumés.

La Norvège, la Suède et le Danemark exigent maintenant un remboursement des fonds versés. En novembre, l’Irlande avait annoncé que l’Ouganda s’était engagé à lui rembourser 4 millions d’euros. La Norvège demande à être remboursée des sommes détournées - 3,1 millions d’euros. "On nous a promis que nous le serions", a déclaré le ministère norvégien de l’Aide au développement.

En revanche, la Suède et le Danemark demandent un remboursement de toutes les sommes versées. En Suède, l’Agence d’aide au développement international a indiqué que des négociations étaient en cours pour le remboursement de 5,2 millions d’euros.

L’aide était initialement destinée aux régions ravagées par 20 ans de guerre contre l’Armée de résistance du Seigneur (LRA), sanglante rébellion qui a sévi jusqu’en 2006 dans le nord de l’Ouganda, avant d’en être chassée. Assurant ne pas avoir été au courant des malversations, M. Mbabazi a rejeté les appels à la démission. L’Ouganda est 130e sur 174 Etats pour la corruption et le plus corrompu d’Afrique de l’Est, selon l’indice de l’ONG Transparency international. (AFP et Belga)



The Truth can be buried and stomped into the ground where none can see, yet eventually it will, like a seed, break through the surface once again far more potent than ever, and Nothing can stop it. Truth can be suppressed for a "time", yet It cannot be destroyed. ==> Wolverine

 AfroAmerica Network


 Sources within the Rwandan Government in Kigali, Rwanda tell AfroAmerica Network that several Non Government Organizations (NGOs) have started to shut down their offices and leaving Rwanda. The flight of the NGOs is consecutive to the drastic cuts in international aid by several Western Governments, including Great Britain, Sweden, Norway, the United States, The Netherlands, Belgium and Germany. The measures were taken after the United Nations Security Council accused Rwandan Military and Government leaders of forming, arming, and supporting Congolese rebels, known as M23. M23 rebels have been accused of multiple war crimes and crimes against humanity. Their leader, General Bosco Ntaganda is wanted by the International Criminal Court (ICC) at the Hague.

According to the sources, some of the NGOs are leaving Rwanda, while others appear to have relocated to other countries in the region. A large number of NGOs have already closed shop as of December 2012 or have sent out layoff notices to their Rwandan employees. The expatriates are being relocated to other African countries. The sources add that the diverse effects from the aid cuts have started to show and the devastation is expected if the international aid is not reestablished very soon.

Sources in Rwanda who follow the NGOs have observed that as of January 14, 2013, Care International Office in Rwanda has moved to Ziguinchor, Senegal, in Western Africa. Rwanda is located in Eastern Africa. NGOs associated with U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) have given layoff notices to their employees that they will soon close, no later than March 31, 2013. The Netherlands based SNV World has moved most of its activities especially Water, Sanitation and Renewable Energy to the neighboring Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC). Sweden has been supporting the democra-tization process and Environment in Rwanda through Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA). When Sweden cut aid, SIDA started phasing down its programs. In 2011, the aid amounted to US$ 40 million. In 2013, around US$4 billion are appropriated to SIDA for projects around the World. In Africa, the aid that was going to Rwanda will be directed to South Sudan.
The Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) has reduced aid to Rwanda and completely severed the aid for 2012 and 2013, directing it instead to Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Rwanda is a very poor country. Most of its budget is funded through international aid. Western aid amounts to 40-50% of the Rwandan government budget and covers most of the healthcare costs. The aid to private and some parastatal institutions is funneled through international Non Government Organizations (NGOs). These sources bring in the much needed foreign currency reserves and in turn make the Rwandan currency stable. Without that aid, the Rwandan government has no other choice than massive layoffs of civil servants; the military and security forces and teachers may not be paid for long, and the Rwandan currency will most likely collapse in the near future, creating a spiral of inflation.

Ingabire Victoire: The  Would-be President of Rwanda still in Kagame's prison

From sources in Rwanda, since November 2012, after the UN Security Council Report was published, the Rwandan franc has been losing its value against the US dollar and the inflation has been creeping up. The ripple effects from inflation and the lack of foreign currency are expected to create a vicious circle of collapses across the entire sectors of the Rwandan economy: imported goods, including raw materials, construction and transportation equipment, gas, etc. will be so expensive that trading businesses and manufacturing will cease to function and transportation will be paralyzed. Already, the balance of payment, that had been positive for several years, was negative in 2012.
With this nightmarish scenario, security has been deteriorating, with Rwandan rebel attacks in December 2012. If the unpaid military and security forces start engaging in organized crime, and the layoffs and corruption start to weaken state institutions, Rwanda may slide into more tyranny and chaos and the humanitarian situation deteriorate very quickly.

©2012 AfroAmerica Network. All Rights Reserved.
  
The Truth can be buried and stomped into the ground where none can see, yet eventually it will, like a seed, break through the surface once again far more potent than ever, and Nothing can stop it. Truth can be suppressed for a "time", yet It cannot be destroyed. ==> Wolverine

Four our Readers: Did You know?

STOP !

Rwanda's Paul Kagame warned he may be charged with aiding war crimes

Et si les scandales s'ajoutaient aux scandales si le cynisme s' ajoutait à l'injustice ? C 'est pourtant ce qui vient, ce 1er Janvier, de se passer :Le Rwanda vient d'être élu au Conseil de Sécurité de l'ONU pour deux ans.
Pourquoi pas Mesrine Ministre de la Justice avec Jojo la sardine aux Finances, Nadine Morano à la Culture,et Pinochet, Mussolini et Hitler aux bonnes oeuvres et à la défense de la veuve et de l'orphelin?

Comment est -il possible qu'un pays dont l'ONU justement vient de dénoncer la responsabilité dans la mort de plusieurs centaines de milliers de personnes, un pays accusé d'avoir pratiqué sur des milliers d 'individus la torture, d 'avoir pillé son voisin, d 'avoir monté contre lui la pire des machineries liquidatrices à coté de laquelle celle d'Hitler est une plaisanterie, comment ce pays peut -il accéder au Conseil de Sécurité en tant que membre non permanent et partant influer sur une politique africaine dont il est grande partie responsable du désastre ?

Kagame, Président du Rwanda, est accusé par la France d'être le responsable de l'assassinat du Président Habyarimana, il est accusé par la communauté internationale d'être à l'origine et à la tête d'un contre-génocide qui aurait fait plusieurs centaines de milliers de victimes, il est également reconnu coupable avec l'Ouganda lors des discussions pour les accords de Pretoria et de Lusaka ( 1998 et 2002) de pillages. A New York, un rapport sensible qui fait l'objet de fuites et d'intenses pressions politiques depuis plusieurs semaines, a été finalement publié mercredi 21 novembre sur la situation dans l'Est du Congo. Ce rapport d'experts accuse l'Ouganda de Yoweri Museveni et le Rwanda de Paul Kagamé de soutenir le M23. .

Par ailleurs par la loi du 6 août 2012, les services de sécurité du Rwanda sont autorisés à "écouter tous les appels téléphoniques et lire les courriels entre les particuliers. Cette loi punit même toute personne qui consulte (sur internet) les sites non approuvés par le pouvoir et ceux qui lisent les informations non approuvées par le pouvoir. »

Dans un article intitulé « Rwanda : une étudiante emprisonnée pour idéologie génocidaire », paru sur Jambonews le 16 juillet 2011, il avait été expliqué concrètement comment dans les établissements scolaires, la DMI (service de renseignement militaire) a engagé des petits groupes d'étudiants et professeurs, afin d'espionner leurs collègues. Ces groupes doivent signaler chaque fait et geste de leurs collègues, tout particulièrement ceux qui sont soupçonnés de critiquer le pouvoir.

Il faut néanmoins rappeler qu'au Rwanda, les lois relatives à « l'idéologie génocidaire » et le «sectarisme », sont les plus liberticides parmi celles adoptées dans ce pays. Ces lois qui selon le régime visent à combattre les idées qui conduisirent au génocide, sont rédigées en termes si vagues et contradictoires qu'il est difficile voire impossible de se défendre quand on est accusé de les avoir enfreint. Selon Amnesty International ces « lois formulées en termes vagues permettent d'ériger en infraction toute critique à l'égard du gouvernement ». « En raison de l'ambiguïté des lois sur l'"idéologie du génocide" et le "sectarisme", les Rwandais vivent dans la peur d'être punis pour avoir dit ce qu'il ne fallait pas », a expliqué Erwin van der Borght, directeur du programme Afrique d'Amnesty.

En d'autres termes, on utilise le génocide - qu'il est difficile de nier - comme cache sexe justifiant toutes les exactions, tous les crimes les viols, les pillages et une main mise dictatoriale et militaire sur la vie de ses concitoyens.

Mais comment une dictature si agresssive peut-elle accéder au Conseil de Sécurité d'un Organisme international chargé d'assurer la Paix et la Justice dans le monde ?

The Truth can be buried and stomped into the ground where none can see, yet eventually it will, like a seed, break through the surface once again far more potent than ever, and Nothing can stop it. Truth can be suppressed for a "time", yet It cannot be destroyed. ==> Wolverine

Bashar al-Assad
Syria
He's in his own category of awfulness.

Once widely considered among the most promising of the Middle East's reformist autocrats, Assad has taken the wholesale destruction of his own country to unspeakable levels this year, with the death toll topping 37,000 according to some estimates, hundreds of thousands displaced, and entire towns leveled. Assad also apparently has few reservations about using weapons like Scud missiles and cluster munitions on his own people. Even his friends in Russia seem to be getting tired of defending him.

Kim Jong Un
North Korea
He's a daddy's boy... and consider who his daddy was.

 Hopes that North Korea's young leader might take some steps to help his isolated and impoverished country rejoin the world faded quickly this year, with Kim reaffirming his father's "military first" policy, launching ballistic missile in defiance of international condemnation, detaining U.S. citizens, and -- reportedly -- executing wayward military officials by mortar fire. Perhaps fatherhood will soften him a bit, but we wouldn't count on it.
Aleksandr Lukashenko
Belarus
For not even being embarrassed about being a dictator.


Most dictators at least deny being dictators. But Lukashenko is done with that facade, telling a Reuters correspondent this year, "I am the last and only dictator in Europe. Indeed there are none anywhere else in the world... You came here and looked at a living dictator. Where else would you see one?" Lukashenko, who seems to be grooming his 7-year-old son as his successor, lived up to his reputation this year, with widespread arrests of journalists and political opponents. He ended the year on another low note, seeming to endorse a return to serfdom by seriously proposing that wood-processing workers be prevented by law from leaving their jobs. The only good news? With the way things are going in Ukraine, he may not be able to brag about being Europe's last dictator for much longer.
Paul Kagame
Rwanda
He's suppressing his own citizens and destabilizing his neighbors.
While he still has some friends in Washington, this seems to have been the year the gloss finally came of the Rwandan president's international reputation as a democratic reformer. Kagame's supporters in the West have largely looked the other way in recent years as evidence of his government imprisoning opponents and muzzling the press has mounted. But the tipping point may have come this year with a long-delayed U.N. report accusing Rwanda of actively supporting the M23 rebel movement, which has taken over wide swathes of the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo. Several countries, including Britain and Germany, have now suspended aid to the onetime darling of the development community.

Mohamed Morsy

Egypt
He's quickly proving his critics right.

It's still early to say, but Morsy hasn't exactly reassured his opponents and critics, who feared that once in power the Muslim Brotherhood leader would seek to limit open democracy in Egypt. Indeed, he's pushed through a new Islamist-backed constitution that contains few protections for the press, minorities, and women's rights -- and which many fear could put political power in the hands of clerics. There are also disturbing reports that Morsy's supporters have abused and abducted opponents during demonstrations against his constitutional power grab and that he has blocked investigations of their actions. Let's hope the last month was not a sign of what's to come.


The Truth can be buried and stomped into the ground where none can see, yet eventually it will, like a seed, break through the surface once again far more potent than ever, and Nothing can stop it. Truth can be suppressed for a "time", yet It cannot be destroyed. ==> Wolverine

Kagame's hate speech and RPF mass-slaughters are not news, Rwanda's desolation continues.Ms Ingabire, the would-be president of Rwanda remains in Kagame's prison.Assassinations of those unwanted Hutu children, pregnant Hutu women, those innoncent Hutu refugees and Congolese Hutu inhabitants, before they were killed, were people with names and faces.They were fascinating individuals in their own right, deserving of life, rights and dignity. Many are kids and children, who knew nothing of Rwanda’s political disputes, encouraged by President Clinton who refused the US army to intervene fearing RPF would be unable to seize power in Kigali. President Clinton prefered to feed hatred between Hutu and Tutsis, helping by all military means Kagame and his RPF killers and focused on fomenting sectarianism and more killings in Rwanda to justify the seize of power by the Tutsi rebels-extrimists u nder RPF umbrella.

President Obama should be aware about killings of RPF, RCD, CNDP and M23  Tutsi military and civil commanders  who are responsible for mass-killings of more than 8 million Hutu Congolese and Rwandan Hutu .
Victims and survivors in both countries want nothing but Transparancy and Justice.

 Why President Obama still fails to impliment a policy that might impose sanctions to both Rwandan and Congolese Tutsi criminals?
Did

1. The US secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton
2. The US ambassador Susan Rice 
3. And the US Assistant Secretary Jonnie Carlton

undermine the current situation by protecting their "protégés" psychotic Tutsi criminals? 

 Among the most serious critiques was the accusation that she actively protected Rwandan President Paul Kagame and senior members of his government from being sanctioned for funding and supporting the rebels that caused Eastern Congo's recent violence.

1. RCD (Kabarebe, Bizima Karaha, Ruberwa, Nyarygabo, Bisengimana,etc),
2. CNDP (Kabarebe, Mutebusi, Nkunda, Ntaganda, etc),
3. M23 (Kabarebe, Ntaganda, etc.)

are not the cause of the DRC disease; they are only symptoms.
the real disease of the DRC, Rwanda and of African Great Lakes Region : THE BLOODIEST DICTATOR PAUL KAGAME AND HIS RPF Tutsi extremists ( Kabarebe, Nziza, Kayonga,Musoni, etc),
It is the US President Obama's Responsibility to Protect, the moral imperative to protect throughout the world peoples and nations from Kagame and his proxy armis and militia's genocide and mass atrocities.

1.  US patience is wearing thin

Question:  Do Rwandan and Congolese people face Nefarious Genocides?

What you see is what you get: Thousands even millions of Congolese and Rwandan Hutu victims since the year 1990 RPF invasion of  Rwanda and after 1996 and 1998 are unworthy of official notice and therefore of no interest to the establishment media and intellectuals.

The authors reveal the media bias towards U.S. based-crimes by tabulating newspapers’ use of the word genocide for the Iraq sanctions regime and comparing it to cases in Bosnia, Kosovo, Rwanda and Darfur. The table notes the estimated deaths per theater and the number of instances newspapers use the word genocide to describe the conditions of the locality to show the ratio of deaths to genocide usage. In Iraq the rate was 10,000 deaths to 1 use of the word genocide with 80 instances (with an estimated 800,000 deaths from the sanctions). Meanwhile Kosovo, with an estimated 4,000 deaths, genocide usage has a ratio of 12 to 1 with 323 instances.
But while the Hutu deaths and suffering in Congo and Rwanda is horrendous, it does not constitute genocide and those to be brought to justice - ICC in Holland are the proxy militia's of those responsible: President Kagame and his RPF co-accused and high commanders of different groups of rebels in the Congo.
We all know and it's matter of facts:
The same authors reveal the role current Rwandan President Paul Kagame, the U.S.-backed (and trained) former military officer of the Tutsi-led Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), of fomenting the violence that spiraled into epic proportions between April and July in 1994 even before since October 1990 with the Ugandan Invasion of Rwanda.

 The RPF, formerly a wing of the Ugandan army (where Kagame formerly served as intelligence director) took part in the Ugandan invasion of Rwanda in 1990, killing after raping Hutu women, displacing and mass-slaghtering several hundred thousand Hutu farmers and intellectuals.

We also remember that RPF has also been accused of carrying out the assassination of former Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana in 1994, an act that many believe triggered the Hutus’ bloody response. It should also be noted that Kagame has come recently under fire for arresting and detaining an American lawyer who had filed a lawsuit against Kagame in Oklahoma City accusing the president of the former president’s assassination, and who has been representing a Rwandan and Kagame opponent against trumped up charges of genocide. Further evidence Herman and Peterson use to dismantle the simplistic, yet politically useful perpetrator-victim narrative includes International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda testimony and rulings.

US President Obama

Until we address and correct these inadequacies, biases and contradictions within the global hierarchy, international justice system and current human rights regime history will continue to be littered by the corpses of the innocent, whether genocide is the goal or the alibi. This book can be used as a reference by activists and policy makers to help us right these wrongs. We can’t afford to wait.
Cyril Mychalejko is an editor at UpsideDownWorld.org. He can be reached at Cyril@upsidedownworld.org. Read other articles by Cyril.

The Truth can be buried and stomped into the ground where none can see, yet eventually it will, like a seed, break through the surface once again far more potent than ever, and Nothing can stop it. Truth can be suppressed for a "time", yet It cannot be destroyed. ==> Wolverine

The RPF never left Rwanda, and they never stopped killing.


The same way, M23 has never Goma, and they never stoppen killing.

Related article

• Obama's State Department defends relationship with Rwanda in U.S. Congress

Both criminals are appointed or reappointed each other to a "General" position for mass-slaughters of Congolese and Rwandan Hutus

(Congolese National Police officers on their way to Goma after M23
withdrawal, November 30, 2012)
Goma's police second-in-command, Major Bertin Chirumana, was gunned
down in the night of last Friday to Saturday (14 to 15 December).

Major Bertin Chirumana was an element of GEMI, the contingent of the
National Congolese Police newly deployed in Goma after the withdrawal
of M23 from the provincial capital of North Kivu.

City authorities are treating the assassination as a mere sordid crime
and have even taken into custody one "suspect."

They're also blaming the crime wave engulfing the city on the more
than 1,500 inmates still at large after the mass prison break that
occurred when M23 seized the city.

But Goma residents think otherwise, and call the arrested suspect a "scapegoat."

They believe that M23 have left behind highly-trained snipers with
powerful sniper rifles at different quarters of the city.

They point to several residents recently cut down in an unexplained manner.

The alleged change of tactics by M23 has already reaped the palpable
benefit of plunging Goma into mass hysteria.

Residents have turned into vigilantes, lynching suspected criminals, a
MONUSCO peacekeeper told Radio France Internationale (RFI).

Those residents who can afford it are leaving Goma in droves, boarding
Bukavu-bound shuttle boats.

Two separate Goma sources told me today that at least 500 residents
have been leaving the city each day since the assassination of Major
Bertin Chirumana.
RFI
Mambo wa Lumona


The Truth can be buried and stomped into the ground where none can see, yet eventually it will, like a seed, break through the surface once again far more potent than ever, and Nothing can stop it. Truth can be suppressed for a "time", yet It cannot be destroyed. ==> Wolverine

  Before entering the year 2013, I would ask you not to blame the US President Barack Obama. It's obviously clear that He was not informed and those who were supposed to work for Him and United States of America thought only about their own interests, which is a drama. The current US Assistant Secretary Johnnie Carson did nothing but helping the bloody Rwandan dictator Paul Kagame. Shame on him.
 US Committee Looks at Conflict in Congo 









 
The Truth can be buried and stomped into the ground where none can see, yet eventually it will, like a seed, break through the surface once again far more potent than ever, and Nothing can stop it. Truth can be suppressed for a "time", yet It cannot be destroyed. ==> Wolverine

 A heavily armed gunman opened fire inside a Connecticut elementary school on Friday, killing 26 people, including 20 children, in the latest in a series of shooting rampages across the United States this year, US media reported.

The gunman was dead inside Sandy Hook Elementary


Congo-Kinshasa: UN Report Finds Evidence of Arbitrary Killings in Eastern DR Congo, Prompts Calls for Action
By UN News Service
14 November 2012
 8 millions Congolese and Rwandan Hutus were arbitrary mass-slaughtered while the war sponsors are making money !

School in Newtown, Connecticut, state police Lieutenant Paul Vance told a news conference. Vance said the gunman killed 18 children and six adults at the school and two wounded children died later in the hospital. Another person connected to the suspect was found dead at a house in Newtown, bringing the death toll to 28.
One of the dead was the shooter's mother, a teacher at the school, The New York Times reported, citing a law enforcement official. The New York Times also reported that the gunman killed himself at the scene.
CNN reported that an official said there was an additional death - the brother of the suspected gunman in New Jersey - but this was not The suspected gunman entered the school as children were gathered in their classrooms for morning meeting. He was armed with four weapons and wore a bullet-proof vest, WABC reported.
If confirmed, it would be one of the worst mass shootings in US history. The holiday season tragedy was the second shooting rampage in the United States this week and was certain to revive a debate about US gun laws.
President Barack Obama, wiping away tears and pausing to collect his emotions, mourned the "beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old" who were killed.
"As a country we have been through this too many times," Obama said, ticking off a list of recent shootings.
"We're going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies like this, regardless of the politics," Obama said in apparent reference to the influence of the National Rifle Association over members of Congress.
Obama remains committed to trying to renew a ban on assault weapons, White House spokesman Jay Carney said.
Witnesses reported hearing dozens of shots with some saying as many as 100 were fired.
Another person was being held in police custody after he was detained in the woods near the school wearing camouflage pants, CBS reported.
Bloodied children exit school
Sandy Hook Elementary School teaches children from kindergarten through fourth grade - roughly ages 5 to 10.
"It was horrendous," said parent Brenda Lebinski, who rushed to the school where her daughter is in the third grade. "Everyone was in hysterics - parents, students. There were kids coming out of the school bloodied. I don't know if they were shot, but they were bloodied."
Television images showed police and ambulances at the scene, and parents rushing toward the school. Parents were seen reuniting with their children and taking them home.
"This is going to be bad," a state official told Reuters, requesting anonymity because the scope of the tragedy remained uncertain.

A woman waits to hear about her sister, a teacher, following a shooting at the Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut. AP photo

Lebinski said a mother who was at the school during the shooting told her a "masked man" entered the principal's office and may have shot the principal. Lebinski, who is friends with the mother who was at the school, said the principal was "severely injured."
Lebinski's daughter's teacher "immediately locked the door to the classroom and put all the kids in the corner of the room."
Murphy has a friend with a daughter in Sandy Hook, and the daughter is OK. She did get an automated call from the school department this morning saying there was a "possible shooting" at the elementary school and that all schools were on lockdown.
The Sandy Hook tragedy would be the deadliest elementary school shooting in US history. The worst US high school shooting happened in 1999 when two students, Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris, went on a rampage at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, killing 12 students and a teacher before turning their guns on themselves.
In 2007, 32 people were killed at Virginia Tech university in the deadliest act of gun violence in US history.
In another notorious school shooting outside of the United States, in 1996 a gunman opened fire in an elementary school in Dunblane, Scotland, and killed 16 children and an adult before killing himself.

 

New York Times
By HELENE COOPER

WASHINGTON — Almost two decades after the Clinton administration failed to intervene in the genocide in Rwanda, the United States is coming under harsh criticism for not moving forcefully in another African crisis marked by atrocities and brutal killings, this time in Rwanda’s neighbor, the Democratic Republic of Congo.
While President Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton have taken some of the blame, critics of the Obama administration’s Africa policy have focused on the role of Susan E. Rice, the United States ambassador to the United Nations and a leading contender to succeed Mrs. Clinton, in the administration’s failure to take action against the country they see as a major cause of the Congolese crisis, Rwanda.
 Specifically, these critics — who include officials of human rights organizations and United Nations diplomats — say the administration has not put enough pressure on Rwanda’s president, Paul Kagame, to end his support for the rebel movement whose recent capture of the strategic city of Goma in Congo set off a national crisis in a country that has already lost more than three million people in more than a decade of fighting. Rwanda’s support is seen as vital to the rebel group, known as M23.
Support for Mr. Kagame and the Rwandan government has been a matter of American foreign policy since he led the Tutsi-dominated Rwandan Patriotic Front to victory over the incumbent government in July 1994, effectively ending the Rwandan genocide. But according to rights organizations and diplomats at the United Nations, Ms. Rice has been at the forefront of trying to shield the Rwandan government, and Mr. Kagame in particular, from international censure, even as several United Nations reports have laid the blame for the violence in Congo at Mr. Kagame’s door.
A senior administration official said Saturday that Ms. Rice was not freelancing, and that the American policy toward Rwanda and Congo was to work with all the countries in the area for a negotiated settlement to the conflict.
Aides to Ms. Rice acknowledge that she is close to Mr. Kagame and that Mr. Kagame’s government was her client when she worked at Intellibridge, a strategic analysis firm in Washington. Ms. Rice, who served as the State Department’s top African affairs expert in the Clinton administration, worked at the firm with several other former Clinton administration officials, including David J. Rothkopf, who was an acting under secretary in the Commerce Department; Anthony Lake, Mr. Clinton’s national security adviser; and John M. Deutch, who was director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
Payton Knopf, a spokesman for Ms. Rice, initially declined to comment on whether her work with Rwanda at Intellibridge affected her dealings with the country in her present job as an ambassador. But on Monday, Mr. Knopf said: “Ambassador Rice’s brief consultancy at Intellibridge has had no impact on her work at the United Nations. She implements the agreed policy of the United States at the U.N.”        
Two months ago, at a meeting with her French and British counterparts at the French Mission to the United Nations, according to a Western diplomat with knowledge of the meeting, Ms. Rice objected strongly to a call by the French envoy, Gerard Araud, for explicitly “naming and shaming” Mr. Kagame and the Rwandan government for its support of M23, and to his proposal to consider sanctions to pressure Rwanda to abandon the rebel group.
“Listen Gerard,” she said, according to the diplomat. “This is the D.R.C. If it weren’t the M23 doing this, it would be some other group.” The exchange was reported in Foreign Policy magazine last week.
A few weeks later, Ms. Rice again stepped in to protect Mr. Kagame. After delaying for weeks the publication of a United Nations report denouncing Rwanda’s support for the M23 and opposing any direct references to Rwanda in United Nations statements and resolutions on the crisis, Ms. Rice intervened to water down a Security Council resolution that strongly condemned the M23 for widespread rape, summary executions and recruitment of child soldiers. The resolution expressed “deep concern” about external actors supporting the M23. But Ms. Rice prevailed in preventing the resolution from explicitly naming Rwanda when it was passed on Nov. 20.
Mr. Knopf, the spokesman for Ms. Rice, said the view of the United States was that delicate diplomatic negotiations under way among Rwanda, Congo and Uganda could have been adversely affected if the Security Council resolution explicitly named Rwanda. “Working with our colleagues in the Security Council, the United States helped craft a strong resolution to reinforce the delicate diplomatic effort then getting under way in Kampala,” Mr. Knopf said.
The negotiations subsequently fell apart, and the M23 continued to make gains in eastern Congo. Last week, the M23 withdrew from Goma but left behind agents and remain in range of the city.
Mr. Knopf declined to confirm or deny the account offered by the United Nations diplomat about the conversation between Ms. Rice and the French ambassador. But he said that “Ambassador Rice has frequently and publicly condemned the heinous abuses perpetrated by the M23 in eastern Congo,” adding that the United States was “leading efforts to end the rebellion, including by leveling U.S. and U.N. sanctions against M23 leaders and commanders.”
Ms. Rice’s critics say that is the crux of the problem with the American response to the crisis in Congo: it ignores, for the most part, the role played by Mr. Kagame in backing the M23, and, as it happens, risks repeating the mistakes of the genocide by not erring on the side of aggressive action. “I fear that our collective regret about not stopping the Rwandan genocide, felt by all of us who worked for the Clinton administration, led to policies that overlooked more waves of atrocities in the Congo, which we should equally regret,” said Tom Malinowski, the Washington director of Human Rights Watch, who has worked closely with Ms. Rice both in the Clinton administration and after.
“For almost 20 years now, the premise of U.S. policy has been that quiet persuasion is the best way to restrain Rwanda from supporting war criminals in the Congo,” Mr. Malinowski said. “It might have made sense once, but after years of Rwanda doing what the U.S. has urged it not to do, contributing to massive civilian deaths, and ripping up U.N. resolutions that the U.S. sponsored, the time to speak plainly and impose penalties has come.”
When Mrs. Clinton appeared before reporters on Nov. 28 to talk about the M23’s seizure of Goma, she sprinkled her talking points with a demand that the rebel group withdraw, calling the humanitarian impact “devastating,” with 285,000 people forced to flee their homes, health workers abducted and killed, and civil workers under threat of death. But she made no mention of Rwanda’s role backing the rebel group, limiting her inclusion of Rwanda to a mention of negotiations with Rwanda, Uganda and the Congo to try to get a cease-fire.
“The M23 would probably no longer exist today without Rwandan support,” said Jason K. Stearns, author of “Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of Congo and the Great War of Africa.” “It stepped in to prevent the movement from collapsing and has been providing critical military support for every major offensive.”

Kagame should not be exception More than 8 millions of mass-slaughtered Congolese and Rwandan Hutus

Johnnie Carson, the assistant secretary of state for African affairs, noted that the United States cut a portion of its military financing for Rwanda — around $250,000. But the Rwandan military continues to receive substantial American training, equipment and financial help. In an interview, he said, “There is not an ounce of difference between myself and Ambassador Rice on this issue,” adding that quiet diplomacy was better than publicly calling out Mr. Kagame.
Ms. Rice, who has been at the eye of a political storm over her portrayal of the Sept. 11, 2012, attacks on the American Mission in Benghazi, Libya, declined to be interviewed for this article. But in recent days, she seems to have tried to publicly distance herself from the M23 — although still not from Mr. Kagame. On Dec. 3, she posted on her Facebook page: “The U.S. condemns in the strongest terms horrific M23 violence. Any and all external support has to stop,” in a reference to action in the Senate.
Her posting drew immediate responses. “Condemn the rape but don’t name the rapist?” one of them said. “What kind of Justice is that?”