Thursday, 16 April 2009, 14:11
S E C R E T STATE 037561
NOFORN
EO 12958 DECL: 04/16/2034
TAGS PINR, KSPR, ECON, KDEM, KHIV, ZF, XA, CF, RW, BY
SUBJECT: (S) REPORTING AND COLLECTION NEEDS: AFRICAN GREAT
LAKES (DROC, BURUNDI, RWANDA)


REF: A. 08 KIGALI 00830--05/DEC/2008 B. 08 STATE 122706--19/NOV/2008 C. 04 STATE 101403--06/MAY/2004


Classified By: SUZANNE MCCORMICK, DIRECTOR, INR/OPS, REASON: 1.4(C).
Summary


A national human intelligence collection directive issued under Hillary Clinton's name calls for highly detailed and personal information on figures at top levels of society in Congo, Rwanda and Burundi. It asks for details on military facilities, such as airfields and army camps, and on military equipment, including numbers, operational status and procurement/refurbishment activity. Key passage highlighted in yellow


1. (S/NF) This cable provides the full text of the new National HUMINT Collection Directive (NHCD) on African Great Lakes (paragraph 3-end) as well as a request for continued DOS reporting of biographic information relating to DROC, Burundi, and Rwanda (paragraph 2).


A. (S/NF) The NHCD below supersedes the NHCD contained in Ref C and reflects the results of a recent Washington review of reporting and collection needs announced in Ref B focused on African Great Lakes. The review produced a comprehensive list of strategic priorities (paragraph 3) and reporting and collection needs (paragraph 4) intended to guide participating USG agencies as they allocate resources and update plans to collect information on African Great Lakes. We thank Kigali for its Ref A input. The priorities should also serve as a useful tool to help the Embassy manage reporting and collection, including formulation of Mission Strategic Plans (MSPs).


B. (S/NF) This NHCD is compliant with the National Intelligence Priorities Framework (NIPF), which was established in response to NSPD-26 of February 24, 2003. If needed, GRPO can provide further background on the NIPF and the use of NIPF abbreviations (shown in parentheses following each sub-issue below) in NHCDs.


C. (S/NF) Important information often is available to non-State members of the Country Team whose agencies participated in the review of this National HUMINT Collection Directive. COMs, DCMs, and State reporting officers can assist by coordinating with other Country Team members to encourage relevant reporting through their own or State Department channels. We appreciate Ref A response from Kigali.


2. (S/NF) State biographic reporting:


A. (S/NF) The intelligence community relies on State reporting officers for much of the biographical information collected worldwide. Informal biographic reporting via email and other means is vital to the community's collection efforts and can be sent to the INR/B (Biographic) office for dissemination to the IC.


B. (S/NF) Reporting officers should include as much of the following information as possible when they have information relating to persons linked to African Great Lakes: office and organizational titles; names, position titles and other information on business cards; numbers of telephones, cell phones, pagers and faxes; compendia of contact information, such as telephone directories (in compact disc or electronic format if available) and e-mail listings; internet and intranet "handles", internet e-mail addresses, web site identification-URLs; credit card account numbers; frequent flyer account numbers; work schedules, and other relevant biographical information.


3. (S/NF) Priority issues and issues outline:


I. Regional Issues


A. Democratization and Political Stability 1) Leadership Dynamics (DEPS) 2) Rebel and Militia Groups (SRCC) 3) Democracy and Governance (DEPS) 4) Political Opposition (DEPS) B. Military and Security 1) Military Developments (FMCC) 2) Weapons Procurement (FMCC) 3) Police and Paramilitary Forces (CINT) 4) GRPO can provide text of this issue. 5) Support to US Military Contingency Planning (HREL) 6) Terrorism (TERR) C. Societal Challenges 1) Refugees (DEMG) 2) Human Rights and War Crimes (HRWC) 3) Infectious Disease and Health (HLTH) 4) Food Security and Agriculture (FOOD) 5) Economic Stability (ECFS) D. External Relations 1) Regional Relations (SRCC) 2) International Relations (FPOL) E. Overarching Issues 1) Media Structure and Availability (INFR) 2) Information Systems and Telecommunications Infrastructure (INFR)


II. Country-Specific Issues

A. Mineral Resources (ENVR) B. Genocidal Legacy Issues (HRWC)

4. (S/NF) Reporting and collection needs:

I. Regional Issues

A. Democratization and Political Stability

1) Leadership Dynamics (DEPS)

-- Leadership dynamics and decision-making processes of key civilian and military officials; influence of corruption and patronage in decision-making. -- Status of relations among top leaders of African Great Lakes countries, especially Kigali and Kinshasa, and Kampala and Kinshasa. -- Plans and intentions regarding political succession, including post-election transitions; indications of coup plotting. -- Leader influence on popular opinion and popular sentiments. -- Influence on government leadership of religious organizations, interest groups, ethnic groups, and military. -- The role of military, intelligence, and security services in national policy decision-making and their control of government institutions and parastatals. -- Leadership policies and actions that cause or respond to political instability or economic deterioration. -- Leadership financial resources and personal relationships. -- Government and public views about and evidence of impact of corruption and crime on internal stability and development. -- Information on political stability, sources of instability, and nature of challenges to effective governance. -- Government plans and efforts to respond to threats to political stability; strategies for addressing underlying discontent. -- Changes inside key ministries and security forces, including personal dynamics, tribal politics and factions. -- Details on identities, motives, influence, and relations among principal advisors. -- Biographic and biometric data, including health, opinions toward the US, training history, ethnicity (tribal and/or clan), and language skills of key and emerging political, military, intelligence, opposition, ethnic, religious, and business leaders. Data should include email addresses, telephone and fax numbers, fingerprints, facial images, DNA, and iris scans.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


2) Rebel and Militia Groups (SRCC)


-- Efforts by rebel or militia groups or non-state actors--especially entities such as the FDLR that contain Rwandans who participated in the 1994 genocide--to obtain control of or greater participation in national or local government; to obtain control of natural or financial resources; to integrate into the Congolese armed forces (FARDC) or to cooperate with the FARDC in the exploitation of economic resources. -- Extent of political influence of rebel or militia groups. -- Attitudes toward implementation of regional peace accords. -- Organization, leadership, order of battle, training, strategies and tactics of armed groups and factions, including those integrated into government. -- Efforts by rebel or militia groups to recruit government forces or demobilized troops/fighters. -- Indications of shifting alliances and factions. -- Indications of political and social infrastructure development by rebel and militia groups, including fundraising, recruitments, weapons and repair parts procurement, and propaganda. -- Public sympathy or antipathy toward rebel and militia groups. -- Evidence of influence or pressure on, or support for, rebel or militia groups from foreign governments, non-state actors, and Congolese diaspora. -- Infiltration and resupply routes used by rebel and militia groups. -- Evidence that drug trafficking, evasion of the Kimberly Process, or other criminal activities, including cyber crime, are used to finance the activities of rebel and militia groups. -- Evidence and impact of the presence of troops from neighboring countries and their proxy forces in Congo, particularly the Rwanda Defense Forces (RDF).


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI- PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5 REGIONAL REBEL GROUPS AND NON-STATE ACTORS WHO CARRY OUT ATROCITIES AND TERRORIST ACTIVITIES: ALLIED DEMOCRATIC FORCES (ADF), DEMOCRATIC FORCES FOR THE LIBERATION OF RWANDA (FDLR), LORD,S RESISTANCE ARMY (LRA)-PRIORITY- 4


3) Democracy and Governance (DEPS)


-- Leadership views, intentions, and actions on democratic reforms, to include free press, treatment of opposition political or ethnic groups, respect for human rights, respect for rule of law and independent judiciary, and fair elections. -- Extent/effectiveness of government control over national territory and over cross-border flows of people and goods. -- Progress of or obstacles to disarmament, demobilization, repatriation, and reintegration (DDRR) of ex-combatants into a civilian society. -- Structure, interaction, and role of administrative, judicial, and legislative organs, including indications that they are overshadowed by personal politics. -- Information on effectiveness or abuse of the electoral system or judiciary, including government procedures to maintain the integrity and secrecy of the ballot during each phase of balloting and vote reconciliation. -- Details on all aspects of the electoral process, to include election laws, electoral procedures, election monitoring, balloting, and election equipment. -- Details on corruption in government institutions and efforts to reduce it. -- Signs of ethnic, religious, or generational polarization and role of ethnic, regional or class distinctions in access to decision-making and natural or financial resources. -- Information on government improvements in infrastructure, including in remote regions. -- Ability and efforts to adhere to/evade the Kimberly Process, and to combat illicit finance.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


4) Political Opposition (DEPS)


-- Activities, plans, and intentions of political opposition parties and individuals; sources of funding and support. -- Government attempts to stifle political opposition. -- Alliances or factions, and evidence of links to foreign governments or armed groups. -- Political opposition party leadership, organization, agendas, membership, and level of influence on civil society and military; leadership biographic data. -- Opposition party regional and ethnic support areas, family and financial networks, key patrons and clients, and internal alliances and rivalries -- Opinions of ethnic, religious, and other groups on the government and political opposition.

COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H

B. Military and Security


1) Military Developments (FMCC)


-- Military capabilities, intentions, and actions in support of or against existing political leadership or government activities. -- Progress of or obstacles to the integration of former government, rebel, and militia fighters into a new armed force; loyalty of units integrated from former armed opponents. -- Impact of ethnic, political, regional, or tribal divisions within the military and other security forces on morale, readiness, placement of leaders, and support for the government. -- Indications of military involvement in human rights abuses, recruiting of children, criminal or corrupt activity, or anti-government insurgency. -- Loyalties, cohesion, discord, rivalries, competing agendas or ambitions, and signs of dissension within military leadership, officer corps, and ranks; evidence of corruption/criminal activity in the military or security forces and effects on preparedness. -- Extent and effects of ethnic and political divisions within the military and between the military and political leadership. -- Attitudes toward AFRICOM; willingness to cooperate with AFRICOM. -- Ability and willingness to cooperate with forces from neighboring countries and deployed peacekeeping forces to manage threats. -- Personnel strength levels, force structure, doctrine, modernization plans, training, discipline, professionalism, morale, order of battle, logistics, combat effectiveness, and capabilities of military services. -- Details on military facilities, such as airfields and army camps, and on military equipment, including numbers, operational status, and procurement/refurbishment activity. -- Details about military relations with other countries, especially China, Libya, Sudan, North Korea, Iran, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and other former Soviet bloc countries. -- Details about foreign military assistance and training. -- Attitudes toward and impact of US military training. -- Details on defense budget by function and service. -- Development and implementation of mechanisms for civil control of the military. -- Public attitudes towards the military and other security forces.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


2) Weapons Procurement (FMCC)


-- Details of arms acquisitions and arms sales by government or insurgents, including negotiations, contracts, deliveries, terms of sale, quantity and quality of equipment, and price and payment terms. -- Transfer of strategic materials such as uranium. -- Information on insurgent groups' weapons and material entry and transshipment points, routes, and destinations. -- Indications of smuggling and weapons and weapons repair parts trafficking. -- Factory markings and paint/color schemes on all arms/weapon systems and their munitions acquired or produced locally.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


3) Police and Paramilitary Forces (CINT)


-- Non-military security force loyalties, leadership, capabilities, organization, size, locations, and ethnic composition. -- Roles and missions of various units. -- Evidence of splits within police and paramilitary forces. -- Evidence of contact and cooperation with rebel groups. -- Ability to maintain local security without intervention or assistance of military forces. -- Reports of misconduct, human rights violations, or involvement in illegal/illicit activities, or the misuse of foreign training funds or equipment. -- Evidence of conflict between security forces and the military.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


4) GRPO can provide text of this issue and related requirements.


5) Support to US Military Contingency Planning (HREL)


-- Details on developments that could prompt US contingency planning for non-combatant evacuation operations (NEO) or humanitarian assistance. -- Host nation support for evacuation or humanitarian assistance by US forces (AFRICOM), including host nation ability and willingness to protect US citizens and/or facilities. -- Government plans and capabilities to cope with emergencies, including civilian and military response, or to request or accept assistance from the US, UN, or others. -- Government or other organizations' plans to work with UN and international donor and NGO groups in relief and reconstruction efforts, resettlement programs, and development assistance. -- Details on obstacles to aid distribution and implementation of humanitarian aid programs. -- Details of emergency infrastructure, including locations, descriptions, and capabilities of military, police, and fire response resources. -- Location and description of third-country diplomatic and aid/NGO facilities, and of leaders' residences and alternate locations. -- Information on the character and severity of existing or potential future humanitarian crises resulting from natural disasters or from internal or regional violence. -- Description and locations of potential evacuation sites, hospitals, hotels, government installations, religious sites and shrines, civilian institutions including schools and stadiums, diplomatic facilities, educational and medical facilities, and culturally significant sites. -- Evacuation routes, including chokepoints and potential impediments. -- Volcanic activity on the Congo (Kinshasa)/Rwanda border.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


6) Terrorism (TERR)


-- Individuals and organizations supporting international terrorism, including legitimate businesses and financial transactions, money laundering, drug trafficking, logistical support, cyber crime, and document forgeries. -- Extent to which ethnic, tribal, religious and regional fragmentation could serve to attract international terrorist groups. -- Evidence of transit and safe haven by transnational and regional terrorist groups. -- Vulnerability of populace to Islamic extremism. -- Evidence of domestic terrorist groups. -- Indications of funding from Gulf-based financiers or NGOs.
COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST GROUPS: HIZBALLAH (LEBANESE)-PRIORITY 1 REGIONAL REBEL GROUPS AND NON-STATE ACTORS WHO CARRY OUT ATROCITIES AND TERRORIST ACTIVITIES: ALLIED DEMOCRATIC FORCES (ADF), DEMOCRATIC FORCES FOR THE LIBERATION OF RWANDA (FDLR), LORD,S RESISTANCE ARMY (LRA)-PRIORITY- 4


C. Societal Challenges


1) Refugees (DEMG)


-- Government plans, policies, and efforts regarding refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs). -- Government capability and willingness to absorb, register, assist, and protect refugees and IDPs. -- Government capability and willingness to protect and assist NGO and aid agency personnel. -- Plans and intentions of rebel forces to cooperate, hinder, or manipulate aid for refugees and IDPs. -- Indications of rebel or militia forces infiltrating refugee camps or groups, or using such camps/groups to mask their activities. -- Public attitudes for or against repatriation of IDPs or refugees. -- Information on neighboring country efforts regarding refugees and IDPs. -- Number, location, and size of refugee and IDP areas (to include hospitals, churches, and other de facto IDP areas as well as traditional camps); transit routes used by refugees and IDPs. -- Numbers, age, gender, ethnicity, general health and security conditions, nature and extent of critical needs of refugees and IDPs. -- Factors driving refugee movements; links between refugee movements and political and economic stability. -- Indications that the inability of returning refugees to reclaim their land is contributing to instability. -- Details of cross-border criminal activity, including travel routes and nodes, transshipment sites, communications, and financial facilitators, especially for human smuggling and trafficking. -- Attitudes toward women; women,s legal rights, especially rights to education, work, land ownership, and inheritance. -- Process and effects of migration and demographic shifts within and among regional nations, including movement from rural to urban areas and youth bulge. -- Details about geographic distribution of population and internal migration. -- Information on population density, population growth, age breakdowns, economic and housing characteristics, ethnic and religious affiliations, occupations, literacy, educational attainment, access to electricity, water, and sanitation.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 3; RWANDA- PRIORITY 3


2) Human Rights and War Crimes (HRWC)


-- Plans, intentions, and actions of rebel and militia groups, federal and state government officials, military, intelligence and other security services, to commit human rights violations, including mass killings, extra judicial killing, forced disappearance, torture, sexually based violence, arbitrary arrest, police brutality, and persecution of minorities and ethnic factions. -- Indications that policies targeting civilians could be perceived as strategically advantageous to a government, rebel, or militia group. -- Indications of leaders, failure to instill discipline within armies, rebel groups, or militias that could lead to human rights violations and abuses. -- Ethnic/regional tensions that might fuel genocidal activity, including scapegoating or calls for violence against noncombatants of a particular ethnic, regional, or political group by government, rebel, or militia groups. -- Indications of mobilization or force posturing directed against civilians. -- Threats against or denial of access to media, foreigners, or NGOs to areas of concern. -- Support for or response to activities of international criminal tribunals, including the International Criminal Court. -- Ability and willingness of all levels of government to promote human rights. -- Details on government policies, procedures, and efforts regarding prevention of human rights abuses, including efforts to marginalize specific groups of people. -- Efforts of the police and military to uphold or violate human rights. -- Government intentions to follow through on investigations and prosecution of human rights abuses. -- Indications that ambiguity between civilians and combatants could lead to violence against civilians. -- Plans and activities of the government to use food, or other government-controlled commodities, as a political tool. -- Evidence of attacks or planned attacks on peacekeepers and humanitarian aid workers; limitations on the activities of NGOs. -- Evidence that humanitarian aid agencies are preparing for an increase in the number of civilian casualties or refugees. -- Evidence that truth and reconciliation activities or war crimes trials are increasing or decreasing tension or fostering or alleviating instability. -- Landmine or explosive remnant of war (ERW) casualties and evidence of mine stockpiling; government intentions to clear landmine/ERW areas.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI- PRIORITY 4; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 3; RWANDA- PRIORITY 4


3) Infectious Disease and Health (HLTH)


-- Government plans, policies, and capabilities to prevent, control, and treat existing and emerging disease outbreaks, particularly HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, polio, and avian influenza. -- Details of infectious diseases and general health conditions including number of cases, percentage, fatalities, dates, and areas of occurrence. Also if possible, provide historical data in order to compare recent data collection. -- HIV statistics, including percentage of military, police force, and orphans that are HIV positive. --Information concerning the influence of traditional healers on infectious diseases as well as endemic health issues. -- Details on drug resistant strains, including malaria, HIV/AIDS, avian influenza, and tuberculosis. --Information concerning maternal and child health, in terms of access to prenatal care, statistics on the types of pregnancy-related poor outcomes related to infant and/or maternal morbidity/mortality, and access to well-baby clinics. -- Access to care information, including regions and populations with access to advanced levels of care and those without basic prevention and treatment needs. -- Information on medical professionals, including number of personnel by type (nurse, physician, midwife, etc.), medical specialty, and location (urban or rural). -- Education and training requirements for medical professionals; locations of institutions where training is available. -- Information on medical facilities/hospitals, including capabilities, personnel, training, equipment, etc. Disaster response capability/plan. -- Details about contaminated food, water, air, and soil and the effect on health. Toxic industrial chemical contamination, including types of industrial facilities, chemicals on site, and products being generated. -- Details on water, food, and vector-borne diseases, including location, prevalence, and virulence. -- Government efforts to protect the population from zoonotic (animal to human transmission capable) diseases; details on the stockpile and storage of vaccines. -- Information on drug addiction treatment facilities. -- Information on mental health issues, including the government,s willingness to report, the types and severity of mental health problems, and access to care. -- Chronic disease information, including types and access to treatment, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


4) Food Security and Agriculture (FOOD)


-- Government policies, plans, intentions, and actions regarding food security and food safety, and willingness to cooperate with UN and other donor agencies. -- Nutritional status of population, including refugees. -- Indications that rising food prices are adversely affecting nutritional status and/or contributing to instability; use of subsidies or export/import bans. -- Yields and prospects for cash and subsistence crops; changes in agricultural practices, such as cropping patterns and crop selection; use/availability of seeds and fertilizers. -- Government acceptance of genetically modified food and propagation of genetically modified crops. -- Status of structural adjustments and infrastructure improvements to increase agricultural producer income and reduce migration to urban areas. -- Information on surface and groundwater resources, to include sources, treatment, distribution and storage. -- Indications that deforestation, desertification, erosion and degradation of soils are affecting agricultural output. -- Food contamination affecting population health. -- Indications of invasive species, especially those affecting food security or development. -- Indications of water table degradation, decreases in lake levels below historic norms, or evidence of territorial disputes associated with declining water resources or quality.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI- PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


5) Economic Stability (ECFS)


-- Overall economic status, including government plans and will to implement free-market reform, to ensure consistent regulations, and to uphold the rule of law on economic issues. -- Government plans and intentions to address economic effects of war and conflict, such as shortages of fuel, electric power, and food; unemployment; and wage arrears, particularly the inability to pay troops. -- Fiscal policies and investment strategies, financial and commercial links within and outside the region, status of foreign currency reserves, and positions on bilateral and multilateral economic issues and negotiations. -- Details of Chinese trade, aid, and investment activities. -- Public and expert perceptions of the effect on economic performance of corruption among government and business elites and of the competence of economic administrators. -- Policies and actions to attract foreign investment; plans and intentions of foreign nationals or companies to invest or start up new business ventures. -- Government strategy and objectives for engagement with international financial institutions--World Bank, IMF, African Development Bank--for loans, grants, debt management, and restructuring. -- Details on economic assistance needs and requests, including donors, projects, and effectiveness of current or proposed aid. -- Status of raw materials industries, including plans to develop/exploit resource deposits. -- Government plans and objectives regarding land reallocation; effects of land reallocation on indigenous population, commercial farmers, militant interest groups, and its impact on foreign investment. -- Indications of ethnic/regional tensions over resources, such as land and water. -- Details on and public perception of economic growth, including youth employment prospects. -- Statistics on economic indicators, including remittances. -- Details, capabilities, and potentially required repairs and upgrades of infrastructure and lines of communication, such as airfields, landing zones, river ports, rail lines, roads, bridges, medical facilities, and electric power, petroleum, and water facilities.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


D. External Relations


1) Regional Relations (SRCC)


-- Policy toward and relations with regional states, particularly with regard to ongoing conflicts, support for foreign dissidents, border incursions, peace negotiations, refugee assistance and repatriation, trade, aid, and security agreements. -- Government views and perceptions about activities and intentions of regional organizations, such as the African Union (AU), the East African Community (EAC), and other regional organizations. -- Activities of mercenaries or private security firms in assisting military forces or insurgencies; mercenary or private security firm involvement in trafficking activities.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 4; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5


2) International Relations (FPOL)


-- Government leader views and policies toward the US, AFRICOM, and international organizations; plans and intentions to support or oppose US positions in international fora. -- Public and private attitudes toward the US, AFRICOM, and US policies. -- Foreign alliances and activities, especially those involving China and Iran. -- Agreements and concessions negotiated with foreign states and non-state actors for military, paramilitary, or economic assistance. -- Government views and perceptions about activities and intentions of non-regional nations and organizations, particularly China, Iran, France, UN, and the European Union (EU). -- Perceptions by the civilian population towards the UN, particularly improvements or failures of UN efforts to address human rights abuses by peacekeeping forces. -- Plans and efforts of countries or organizations to arbitrate or influence conflict resolution. -- Efforts to enforce or circumvent sanctions against Iran, North Korea, and terrorist groups. -- Political will and intentions of governments to participate in or support peacekeeping operations sponsored by regional organizations, such as ECOWAS, or by the UN, US, France, or other. -- Willingness to contribute forces to African Union (AU) Standby Brigade Forces (e.g. EASBRIG) and/or the will to provide meaningful participation in CEEAC - Economic Community of Central African States) -- Government plans, intentions, and capabilities to provide, train, equip, transport, maintain, supply, and fund international peacekeeping forces, including providing command, control, communications, and intelligence. -- Military willingness and capability to train with other nations in programs such as the US Africa Contingency Operations Training and Assistance (ACOTA) and Joint Combined Exercise for Training (JCET) programs, and to participate in peacekeeping operations. -- Local population relationship with foreign peacekeeping forces. -- Capabilities, attitudes, and behavior of peacekeepers from or stationed in regional nations, including understanding of and adherence to human rights standards. -- Government cooperation regarding rescue/recovery of US/allied POW/MIAs and detained/kidnapped US/allied citizens.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


E. Overarching Issues


1) Media Structure and Availability (INFR)


-- Government, public, and private perceptions of status of press freedom. -- Evidence of media control or manipulation, in particular to incite unrest, by government, opposition groups, non-state actors, and other groups. -- Details on print and broadcast media, including name, content, ownership, target audience, staff, broadcast frequency and power. -- Internet availability and use. -- Extent of, access to, and identity of, foreign television and radio broadcasts, and news publications. -- Changes to the UN commitment to provide media services in the eastern Congolese provinces.


COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


2) Information Systems and Telecommunications Infrastructure (INFR)


-- Current specifications, vulnerabilities, capabilities, and planned upgrades to, national telecommunications infrastructure and information systems, command and control systems, networks, and technologies used by government, military, and private sector. -- Details about foreign assistance (especially Chinese) for improvements to the national telecommunications grid. -- National leadership use of, and dependencies on, dedicated telecommunications infrastructures and information systems. -- Details about national and regional telecommunications policies, programs, regulations, service providers, vendors, and training. -- Details about internet and intranet use, infrastructure, and government oversight. -- Plans and efforts to acquire U.S. export-controlled telecommunications technology. -- Details about information repositories for Radio Frequency Identification-enabled systems used for passports, government badges, and transportation systems. -- Official and personal phone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses of principal civilian and military leaders.

COUNTRIES: BURUNDI-PRIORITY 5H; CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC- PRIORITY 5H; RWANDA- PRIORITY 5H


II. Country Specific Issues


A. Mineral Resources (ENVR)


-- Details on mining of diamonds, copper, cobalt, uranium, other minerals, and oil extraction: number and location of mines, production statistics and revenue generated, and extent of control given to China and other foreign governments, companies or consortiums; export statistics. -- Details on mineral, oil and other resource exploitation by rebel groups and foreign elements to include type and location of resources exploited, and revenue generated through sales, customs duties, taxation, and access control. -- Government ability/willingness to deal with environmental abuses.


COUNTRIES: CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC-PRIORITY 5H


B. Genocidal Legacy Issues (HRWC)


-- Government attitudes and intentions toward Tutsi survivors, Tutsis operating outside the power elite, Hutus, returning Hutu fighters/refugees, and Twa. -- Indications of increased ethnic tensions that could spark renewed violence. -- Government plans and intentions to counter ethnic violence or genocide; identification of government officials encouraging violence. -- Information on policies concerning human rights, democratization, political inclusion, reconciliation, land ownership and tenancy, and political prisoners. -- Public attitudes toward traditional judicial courts (gacaca) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. -- Information on participation in human rights abuses, including extra judicial killings by Rwanda Defense Forces (RDF); paramilitary, including local defense forces; police, security forces; or Tutsi civilians against Hutus. -- Divisions within President Kagame's inner circle and his party, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF). -- Public attitudes toward the FDLR and subgroups; links between those groups and supporters outside the Great Lakes Region. -- Information about identification, location and arrest of such leaders.

COUNTRIES: RWANDA- PRIORITY 4

CLINTON

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